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              #else   if (register_blkdev(MAJOR_NR,DEVICE_NAME,&mtd_fops)) {    printk(KERN_NOTICE "Can't allocate major number %d for Memory Technology Devices.\n", MTD_BLOCK_MAJOR);   return -EAGAIN;  }  #endif
  /* We fill it in at open() time. */ for (i=0; i< MAX_MTD_DEVICES; i++) {  mtd_sizes[i] = 0;  mtd_blksizes[i] = BLOCK_SIZE; } init_waitqueue_head(&thr_wq); /* Allow the block size to default to BLOCK_SIZE. */ blksize_size[MAJOR_NR] = mtd_blksizes; blk_size[MAJOR_NR] = mtd_sizes;
  BLK_INIT_QUEUE(BLK_DEFAULT_QUEUE(MAJOR_NR), &mtdblock_request, &mtdblock_lock);
  kernel_thread (mtdblock_thread, NULL, CLONE_FS|CLONE_FILES|CLONE_SIGHAND); return 0; }
  static void __exit cleanup_mtdblock(void) {  leaving = 1;  wake_up(&thr_wq);  down(&thread_sem);  #ifdef CONFIG_DEVFS_FS   unregister_mtd_user(¬ifier);   devfs_unregister(devfs_dir_handle);   devfs_unregister_blkdev(MTD_BLOCK_MAJOR, DEVICE_NAME);  #else   unregister_blkdev(MAJOR_NR,DEVICE_NAME);  #endif  blk_cleanup_queue(BLK_DEFAULT_QUEUE(MAJOR_NR));  blksize_size[MAJOR_NR] = NULL;  blk_size[MAJOR_NR] = NULL; }
  module_init(init_mtdblock); module_exit(cleanup_mtdblock); 
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  从上述源代码中我们发现,块设备也以与字符设备register_chrdev、unregister_ chrdev 函数类似的方法进行设备的注册与释放: 
 
    
        
            int register_blkdev(unsigned int major, const char *name, struct block_device_operations *bdops);  int unregister_blkdev(unsigned int major, const char *name); | 
         
    
 
  但是,register_chrdev使用一个向 file_operations 结构的指针,而register_blkdev 则使用 block_device_operations 结构的指针,其中定义的open、release 和 ioctl 方法和字符设备的对应方法相同,但未定义 read 或者 write 操作。这是因为,所有涉及到块设备的 I/O 通常由系统进行缓冲处理。
    块驱动程序最终必须提供完成实际块 I/O 操作的机制,在 Linux 当中,用于这些 I/O 操作的方法称为"request(请求)"。在块设备的注册过程中,需要初始化request队列,这一动作通过blk_init_queue来完成, blk_init_queue函数建立队列,并将该驱动程序的 request 函数关联到队列。在模块的清除阶段,应调用 blk_cleanup_queue 函数。 
		    
                      
		      
		      
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